References
Avalos-Hernandez, O. 2009. A review of the North American species of Hemipenthes Loew, 1869 (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Zootaxa #2074:1-49.
Bailowitz, R. and J. Brock. 1991. Butterflies of Southeastern Arizona. Sonoran Arthropod Studies, Inc. Tucson, AZ. 342 pp.
Bailowitz, R. and J. Brock. 2022. Southeastern Arizona Butterflies. Wheatmark Publishing Company, Tucson, AZ. 356 pp.
Bailowitz, R. and D. Danforth. 1997. 70 common butterflies of the Southwest. Southwest Parks and Monuments. Tucson, AZ. 64 pp.
Bailowitz, R., D.Danforth & R.Behrstock. 2025. Hemipenthes albus Avalos-Hernandez, 2009 (Diptera:Bombyliidae), new to the United States. Fly Times. Issue 75, fall, pp 48-51.
Bailowitz, R., D. Danforth, and S. Upson. 2015. A Field Guide to the Damselflies & Dragonflies of Arizona and Sonora. Nova Granada Publications, Tucson, AZ. 459 pp.
Barbosa, E.P., T. Zacca, and A. Freitas. 2024. Placement of Agojie rupicola Zacca, 2023 in the Euptychiina (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini) Phylogenetic Tree. J. Lepid. Soc. 78(4): 269-272
Behrstock, R.A. 2008. Dragonflies & Damselflies of the Southwest. Tucson: Rio Nuevo Press.
Behrstock, R.A., Sullivan, P.H., Moran, K.M., Hauser, M. 2020. First Records of Copestylum opinator (Williston, 1891) (Diptera: Syrphidae) for the United States. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 96(1): 31-36.
Behrstock, R.A. 2021. New records of pollinators and other insects associated with Arizona milkweed, Asclepias angustifolia, at four sites in Southeastern Arizona. Journal of Pollination Ecology. 27(1): 1-24.
Borror, D.J., D. DeLong, & C. Triplehorn. 1981. An Introduction to the Study of Insects. Saunders College Publishing. The Dryden Press. 827 pp.
BugGuide.net/VanDyk. 2025. BugGuide.Net: Identification, Images, & Information For Insects, Spiders & Their Kin For the United States & Canada. VanDyk, John, ed., Iowa State University. Last accessed 2025. https://bugguide.net/node/view/15740
Chapman, R.F. 1982. The Insects, Structure and Function. Harvard Univ. Press. Cambridge, Mass. 919 p.
Eppley, R. 1963. Studies of Heterostylum robustum (Osten Sacken) (Diptera: Bombyliidae), a Parasite of Nomia melanderi. Oregon State University, Master's Thesis. 61 pp.
Evenhuis, N. 1989. Systematics and Evolution of the Genera in the Subfamilies Usiinae and Phthiriinae (Diptera:Bombyliidae) of the World. Bishop Mus. Bull. in Entomol. #3. Honolulu, HI.
Evenhuis, N. 2020. A new genus for Painter & Painter's Villa "celer"-group in the New World (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Zootaxa 4748(2):296-314.
Evenhuis, N. 2024. A new species of Poecilognathus Jaennicke, 1967 (Diptera: Bombyliidae) from a known but unknown locality. Bishop Mus. Occ. Papers #159, 8 pp.
Evenhuis, N. & Greathead D. 2015. World Catalog of Bee Flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) web site.
Hall, J. 1976. A Revision of the North and Central American Species of Lepidanthrax Osten Sacken (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc. Vol 102(3). pp 289-371.
Hall, J. 1981. Bombyliidae chapter in Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Biosystematics Research Institute. Quebec, Canada. p. 589-602.
Hall, J. & N. Evenhuis. 1980. Homeodactyla and Asilomorpha: Bombyliidae, Vol 5, Part 13, in Flies of the Nearctic Region. E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.
Hall, J. & N. Evenhuis. 2003. Review of the subgenus Geron Meigen in the Nearctic Region (Diptera: Bombyliidae: Toxophorinae). Zootaxa. Magnolia Press. 181:1-72.
Heald, W.P. 1993. The Chiricahuas Sky Island. Marguerite Bantlin Pub., Tucson, AZ. 129 pp.
Hull, F. 1973. Bee Flies of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C. 687 pp.
Johnson, D. & L. Johnson. 1958. New and Insufficiently Known Exoprosopa from the Far West (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Great Basin Naturalist, 18(3-4):69-84.
Kastinger, C. and A. Weber. 2001. Bee-flies (Bombylius spp., Bombyliidae, Diptera) and pollination of flowers. Flora, 196:3-25.
Knoll, F. (1921): Bombylius fuliginosus und die Farbe der Blumen. (Insekten und Blumen I). - Abh. K. & K. Zoo1. Bot. Ges. 12: 17-119.
Larson B.M.H., P.G. Kevan, D.W. Inouye. 2001. Flies and flowers: taxonomic diversity of anthophiles and pollinators. The Canadian Entomologist, 133:439-465.
McAlpine, J, et al. 1981. Manual of Nearctic Diptera, Vol 1. Biosystematics Research Institute. Ottawa, Ont. Can. pp 589-602.
Painter, R. 1932. A Monographic Study of the Genus Geron Meigen as it Occurs in the United States (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Trans. Amer. Entomol. Soc. Vol 58(2) 139-168.
Painter, R. & E. Painter. 1962. Notes on the redescriptions of types of North American Bombyliidae (Diptera) in European museums. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 35(1):2-164.
Painter, R. & E. Painter. 1968. Review of the genus Desmatomyia Williston (Diptera: Bombyliidae). J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 41:408-412.
Priddy, R. 1958. The genus Conophorus in North America (Diptera, Bombyliidae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 31(1):1-33.
Warshall P. 1995. The Madrean Sky Island Archipelago: A planetary overview. In DeBano L.F., Ffolliot P.F., Ortega-Rubio A., Gottfried G.J., Hamre R.H., Edminster C.B. (eds) Biodiversity and management of the Madrean Archipelago: The Sky Islands of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. General Technical Report RM-GTR-264. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Tucson, pp. 6–18.
Xuankun Li, et al., 2020. Phylogenomics reveals accelerated late Cretaceous diversification of bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae), Cladistics, 37 (3):276-297.
Yeates, D.K. & D. Greathead. 1997. The evolutionary pattern of host use in the Bombyliidae (Diptera): a diverse family of parasitoid flies. Bio. J. of the Linnean Soc. 60:149-185.